ABSTRACT
Background: Insulin resistance has an important role in pathophysiology of polycystic ovarian syndrome [PCOS]. Yet there are certain controversies regarding the presence of insulin resistance in non-obese patients
Objective: The aim was to compare the insulin resistance and various endocrine and metabolic abnormalities in obese and non-obese PCOS women
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study which was performed from 2007-2010, 115 PCOS patients, aged 16-45 years were enrolled. Seventy patients were obese [BMI >/=25] and 45 patients were non-obese [BMI <25]. Presence of insulin resistance and endocrine-metabolic abnormalities were compared between two groups. Collected data were analyzed with SPSS version 16.0 and p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant
Results: There was no significant difference in presence of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR >2.3] between two groups [p=0.357]. Waist circumference [p<0.001], waist/hip ratio [p<0.001], systolic [p<0.001] and diastolic [p<0.001] blood pressures, fasting blood sugar [p=0.003] and insulin [p=0.011], HOMA-IR [p=0.004], total cholesterol [p=0.001] and triglyceride [p<0.001] were all significantly higher in obese PCOS patients. There was no significant difference in total testosterone [p=0.634] and androstenedione [p=0.736] between groups whereas Dehydroepiandrotendione sulfate [DHEAS] was significantly higher in non-obese PCOS women [p=0.018]. There was no case of fatty liver and metabolic syndrome in non-obese patients, whereas they were seen in 31.3% and 39.4% of obese PCOS women, respectively
Conclusion: Our study showed that metabolic abnormalities are more prevalent in obese PCOS women, but adrenal axis activity that is reflected in higher levels of DHEAS was more commonly pronounced in our non-obese PCOS patients
ABSTRACT
The cultured mesenchymal stem cells [MSC] have been used in many clinical trials; however, there are still some concerns about the cultural conditions. One concern is related to the use of FBS as a widely used xenogeneic supplement in the culture system. Human platelet-rich plasma [hPRP] is a candidate replacement for FBS. In this study, the effect of hPRP on MSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation has been evaluated. Human adipose-derived stem cells [hADSC] were expanded. Cells from the third passage were characterized by flow cytometric analysis and used for in vitro experiments. Resazurin and alizarin red stains were used for cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation assays, respectively. Treatment with hPRP resulted in a statistically significant increase in cell proliferation compare to the negative control group [P<0.001]. Cell proliferation in the 15% hPRP group was also significantly higher than that in the 10% hPRP group [P<0.05]. Additionally, it caused less osteogenic differentiation of the hADSC compared to the FBS [P<0.001], but in comparison to negative control, it caused acceptable mineralization [P<0.001]. These findings indicate that hPRP not only improves the proliferation but also it can be a suitable substitution in osteogenic differentiation for clinical purposes. However, the clinical application value of hPRP still needs more investigation
ABSTRACT
Carotid ultrasound appears to be useful in the assessment of cardiovascular risk. In this study, we have assessed the carotid intima-media thickness [CIMT] in a group of individuals without a history of cardiovascular events. A sample of 431subjects [189 [43.9%] males and 242 [56.1%] females] was obtained from an urban population using a stratified-cluster method in Mashhad stroke and heart atherosclerosis disorder study. None of the subjects had a history of the cardiovascular event. Carotid artery duplex ultrasound was used to determine the CIMT in all subjects, and to identify those with an abnormal value [CIMT [+]; i.e., CIMT >/= 0.8 mm]. Dietary intake of participants was assessed using a questionnaire for 24-h dietary recall. The relationship between anthropometric, biochemical and dietary data and CIMT were assessed. The mean age of subjects was 48.7 +/- 8.0 years. Of the 431 patients, 118 [27.4%] were found to be CIMT [+]. Of the cardiovascular parameters assessed, only age [odds ratio [OR] [95% confidence interval [CI]], 1.11 [0.56-4.34]; P < 0.01] and male gender [OR [95% CI], 1.14 [0.63-2.23]; P < 0.05] were significant independent predictors of ultrasound defined CIMT. Crude and total energy adjusted intake were not associated with the presence of CIMT [+]. It appears that within a relatively young Iranian population of individuals without a history of cardiovascular event, the presence of CIMT [+] defined by duplex ultrasound cut-off value of >/= 0.8 mm, did not associate with several modifiable cardiovascular risk factors or measures of dietary intake
ABSTRACT
Ganoderma Lucidum [G. Lucidum] has been suggested to increase serum insulin level. This study was undertaken to investigate its direct effect on the islets of Langerhans. Male albino Wistar rats were anesthetized and the islets were isolated after digestion of the pancreas with collagenase. The islets were incubated for 60 min in Krebs bicarbonate buffer containing 3 or 10 mM glucose in the presence of hydroalcoholic extract of G. Lucidum [1 mg/ml], 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine [IBMX, 100 micro M] or vehicle. Exposure of islets to the extract increased insulin secretion at basal [3 mM] glucose concentration. Increase of glucose concentration to 10 mM resulted in a significant increase in the rate of insulin secretion. While the IBMX could augment insulin release evoked by 10 mM glucose, the extract failed to modify it. Our results demonstrate that G. lucidum acts directly on the Langerhans islets to increase basal insulin release
Subject(s)
Animals, Laboratory , Plant Extracts , Insulin , Islets of Langerhans , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
The relationships between body fat distribution, lipid profile and blood pressure, have not been studied extensively in young population. This study was designed to evaluate the association between measures of adiposity and established cardiovascular risk factors in adolescent girls. A total of 477 adolescent girls aged 15 to 18 years were recruited from Mashhad high schools. Socio-demographic characteristics were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. Anthropometric assessments, blood pressure measurement and biochemical assessment were performed. Total and regional fat mass were determined by bio-impedance analysis. Cardiovascular disease risk factors were assessed in relation to body fat measures with adjustment for confounder factors including age and family socioeconomic status. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 14.6% and 3.4% respectively; 16% of study population had greater fat mass compared to its ideal distribution. The majority of cardiovascular risk factors, especially systolic and diastolic blood pressure, triglyceride concentration, CRP and fasting blood sugar were significantly higher in group with a high body fat when compared to those with normal and low values. All anthropometric indices showed significant correlation with fat mass, fat free mass, total and regional body fat percent [P<0.001]. After adjustment for age and family socioeconomic status, a high fat mass especially, truncal fat, was positively associated with triglyceride and blood pressure. Adiposity, especially truncal adiposity, which can be assessed by simple measures such as Body Mass Index [BMI] and Waist Circumference [WC] may predispose adolescent girls for demonstration of metabolic abnormalities and consequently cardiovascular diseases
ABSTRACT
Pleural effusion is one of the most common and important complications in pulmonology. When the absorption of pleural fluid is less than its secretion, effusion happens and diagnosis between TB and malignant pleural fluid is important. C reactive protein with high sensivity[hsCRP] is secreted by tissue when inflammations is present. The aim of this study was hsCRP evaluation could help to differentiate between TB and malignant pleural effusion. 100 patients with TB or Malignant pleural effusion who referred to Emam Reza hospital, Mashhad in 2009 underwent thoracocentesis; then hsCRP with photometry methods were analyzed. All data were analyzed by SPSS 11 and cutoff point for hsCRP with ROC curve was found. Mean age was 53.41 years 19.63 SD. Mean concentration of hsCRP was 9.53 [mg/lit] with SD 5.78 [mg/lit]. hsCRP concentration in TB group was 13.6 +/- 5.6 and in malignant pleural effusion group was 6.00 +/- 3.93 [mg/lit]. They had significant different with statistical analysis [P<0.001]. Sensitivty of hsCRP to differentiate between TB and malignancy with cutoff point of 8.35[mg/lit] is 92% and specificity is 78%. They had significant different with statistical analysis [P<0.001]. hsCRP cloud help us to differentiate between TB and malignant pleural effusion
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Pleural Effusion/diagnosis , Pleural Effusion, Malignant , Tuberculosis/diagnosis , C-Reactive Protein , NeoplasmsABSTRACT
Comparison of prooxidant-antioxidant balance [PAB] assay with crocin assay. Twenty eight serum samples were chosen, PAB and the total antioxidant capacity were measured by PAB assay and crocin, respectively, and the correlation of both assays, along with their correlation with other clinical and biochemical parameters, were determined. A significant negative correlation was established between PAB assay and crocin assay. Also a significant negative correlation was established between PAB and uric acid and creatinine. The results showed that by increasing the total antioxidant capacity, which is showed by crocin, the PAB shifts in favor of antioxidants, which is showed by PAB assay. Now, it could be considered that the PAB, along with other risk factors, might help in the prediction of the risk for cardiovascular events; and further research could clarify whether by application of PAB assay and appropriate interventions for correcting oxidative stress, progression of the cardiovascular disease could be reduced
Subject(s)
Reactive Oxygen Species , Antioxidants , Oxidative Stress , Carotenoids/analysisABSTRACT
Impaired lipid metabolism in diabetic patients is implicated in cardiovascular complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of glycemic control on the lipid profile of type 2 diabetic patients. This study was performed at Emam Reza Hospital, Mashhad, Iran, in 2006. A total of 357 adults with type 2 diabetes [144 males and 213 females] were evaluated. This study was approved by the local committee of medical Ethics. in the standard condition, the sera analysed for fasting blood glucose [FBG] by glucose oxidase method, and for total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C] and low density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C] by enzymatic methods, and for HbA1c by chromatography method. The data analyzed by [SPSS, version 11.5], Pearson's correlation test, t test and one- way analysis of variance. P values